Machine for forming openings in window-stiles.



APPLICATION FILED SEPT. I2. I9I2.

' Patented Sept, 18,1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEEI I.

I awpemto c F. H. WEEKS.

MACHINE FOR FORWING OPENINGS m WINDOWISTILES.

APPLlCATlON FILED SEPT. $2 i9l2.

Patehted Sept. 18,191?

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

F. H. WEEKS.

MACHINE FOR FORMING OPENINGS IN WINDOW STILES.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. I2. I9I2.

1 49,393, Patented Sept. 18; 1917.

V 4 SHEETS-SHEET 3- F. H. WEEKS.

MACHiNE FOR FORMING OPENINGS IN wmoow smEs.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 12. X912- Patente Sept.

4 SHEETS--SHEET 4-.

FREDERICK H. WEEKS, OF AKRON, OHIO,

N in

ASSIGNOB. TO THE F. H. WEEKS LUMBER,

COMPANY, OF AKRON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

MACHINE FOR FORMING OPENINGS IN WINDOW-STILES.

Specification of Letters I atent.

Fatented. Sept. 18, 1917.

Application filed September 12, 1912. Serial No. 719,866.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FREDERICK WEEKs, of- Akron, in the county of Summ1t, andin the State of Ohio, have invented a certaln new and useful Improvement in;Machines for Forming Openings in l/Vindow-Stfles, and do hereby declare that the following is a full, .clear, and exact description thereof.

The object of my invention is to cheapen the manufacture of window stiles by providing a machine capable of the rapid and economical cutting ofthe usual openings in the stiles, including the weight pockets and the pulley mortises, and more particularly my invention has to do with the cutting of the pulley mortises by a mechanism capable of'cooperating with, or as'a-part of a mechanism for cutting the weight pockets, and with the object stated in View my invention consists in the machine constructed substantially as hereinafter specified and claimed.

Referring to the accompanying draw- 1ngs 1 Figure 1 is a side elevation of the complete machine organized for cutting the weight pockets and pulley mortises;

Fig. 2 is a detail view in side elevation on' an enlarged scale with parts broken away showing the slide reciprocating and tool feeding devices;

Fig. 3 is an end elevation with parts, broken away and in section of the same mechanisms Fig. 5 is a detailview in perspective of the lever for changing throw of the slide;

Fig. 1 is a detail view in perspective of the cutting mechanism thereof;

Fig. 5 a vertical longitudinal section) through the bit shafts;

Fig. 6 a like view of tion of the same;

Fig. 7 a detail perspective view of the belt tightening lock;

a different construc- Fig. 8 a detail view in perspective of the combined clamping jaw,bit guard and anal) or stile gage;

Fig. 9 a detail view of a form of bit feeding device that may be used;

Fig. 10a detail view of a form of. adjustable slide reciprocating mechanism that may be employed;

Fig. 11 is a detail view in perspective of a portion of the slide throw adjusting mechanism.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of a portionof a window stile having the kind of more tise which the machine shown in the drawings is adapted to make. 7

Fig. 13 is a longitudinal section of the same;

Figs. 14 and 15 are, respectively, edge views of the bit feeding cam, the views being taken at right angles to each other;

Fig. 16 is a side view of said cam.

As far as that part of the machine is concerned which has to do with cutting the stile pockets, and which is illustrated in the drawings as one embodiment of my invention, said machine is the subject of an appli cation filed by myself jointly with Charles D. Necks, No. 599,236, filed Dec. 24, 1910, and which issued as Patent No. 1,083,4L78, Jan-6, 191 1, and it, therefore, need be only generally described herein since the construction of that machine forms the subject of no claims herein. The pocket cutting mechanism of said machine comprises circular saws to form parallel longitudinal slits or cuts at the side of the weight pocket, and cross cut saws that make the cuts to form the top and bottom of the weight pocket; and for the operation of the cross cut saws and also the rabbeting tools for cutting the grooves in the stile for the window sill, a stile is supported by one edge on the top of the machine and held by clamps which grip it upon opposite sides. The stiles when so held (and two are simultaneously operated upon atthe opposite sides of the machine) project free of the machine for the portion of their length which is at the top of the vindow frame of which they constitute a part and in which projecting portion the pulleymortises are cut, and it is while the stiles are thus supported that the pulley mortises are cut, the mechanism for that operation being so mounted that it may readily be performed; Said mechanism comprises a frame 10, preferably mounted upon wheels or rollers 11, so that it may be readily shifted to and from the end of the frame that supports the pocket cutting and rabbet- 1ng mechanism to suitwindow stiles of differmg lengths, because according to the length of the stiles the top end portion thereof will project more or less, while the position of the pulley will be the same, or substantially the same distance from the end of the stiles. To fix or hold the pulley mortise mechanism in proper position for operation,

and ina direction crosswise thereof, and the nipulated; v I

A pair of stationary aws are connectedthe frame thereof is connected with the frame of the pocket cutting mechanism, as by means of bars 12 pivotally connected to opposite sides of one frame and having a series of notches 13 adapted to catch over ears or bolts 14 projecting from the opposite sides of the frame, which, in the case shown, is the frame 10. The projecting portion of the stiles in which the pulley mortises are to out are each clamped by jaws, preferably two pair, consisting of a stationary jaw 15 adjnsta-bly mounted on the top of the frame 10 and a pivoted jaw 16, two pivoted jaws at'the same side being preferably mounted upon the same shaft, and the sets of pivoted: jaws on opposite sides of the machine being connectedl'together by toggle levers 17 so that both setsiof movable jawsat both sides of the machine may be simultaneously maat the'topv by a horizontal bar 150 which being above the bits forms a guard for their protection as well as for the workman, and said bar is: prolonged rearward and upon it is 'adjustably mounted a stile gage in the form of a block1'51 having a set screw 152 upon one face of which block is an inverted V-shaped lug 1-53 adapted to be engaged by the groove previously cut for the head jamb in a stile when the latteris placed in the machine, and thus" the proper lengthwise position-of the pulley mortise may be accurately fixed with reference to the grooveor ra-bbet for the head jamb and also the proper distance between the head jamb and the sill will be obtained.

Situated to act upon the portion of the stile fixed between two pairs of jaws are two rapidly revolving bits 18, placed one above the other, two being employed because there by the two pulley inortisesin the same stile may simultaneously'be cut. The bits have a feeding movement crosswise of the stile for the purpose of making the comparatively shallow cut to receive the plate of thepulley frame by which the pulley is secured to the stile and also to cut the mortises of shorter length than said recess entirely through the stile. The plate-receiving recess and the mortise extend lengthwise of the stile. As

the stile is stationarilysupported, in order to elongate-the cuts made by the bits, I impart tothe latter a feeding movement that is lengthwise of the stile as well as crosswise thereof, so that it will be seen that in my machine the bits that are revolved are fed in the direction of their axis of revolution feedingmovement of the bits is essential for their coijperation' with the pocket cutting mechanism on which the stiles are fixedly mounted;

The-two bits at opposite sides of the machine are mounted upon the same shaft 19 so that there are two such shafts, and they are supported one above the other in bearings upon a slide 20 that is mounted upon horizontally extending guide ribs 21 on the top of the frame 10, the direction of movement of the slide being longitudinally of the stiles so, that by the movement of said slide the elongation of the cuts made by the bits into the stiles, is effected. Upon each shaft 19 is a driven pulley 22 from which a band 23 runs to a band wheel- 24: fixed to a shaft 25 extending transversely of the frame 10 toward the bottom thereof and having'proper bearings for journaling it; and for each belt 29 secured to oneend of the shaft and which is connected by a belt 30- with a pulley 31' tight on the driving shaft 32"-of that portion of the machine which. contains the pocket cutting mechanism. A slack adjuster, is provided to compensate for the'change, of distance between the tight pulley 31 and the pulley 29which comprisesan idle pulley 33' supported in fixed bearing'son the frame 10 and a pulley 34 which is shiftable 'to suit. the requirements of the'sla'ck of'the belt and is journaled upon a shaft carried by a shift able pivoted'arm 35 which may be fixed in the necessary positions required toenable 'the slack adjuster properly to performits nected to it one end of a chain 37, whose,

other end is attached to a lever 38- pivoted conveniently to theaXle of one of the'rear frame wheels 11, so that by swinging said lever 38 away from the arm 35, thelatter will be 'moved to tighten the belt, and by. throwing the lever far enough to carrythe point of connection of the chain" therewith below a dead line, the arm 35 will be locked in position. The lever38 has a pin 89 over which the chain links may be caught accord. in'gto the requirements ofthe case; and said leverhas a foot 10 to strike the fl'oor'to'liinit the clownward swing of the lever when thrownto lbcking'position; I v v The bits are tubular in form and 'they are connected with their-respective shafts so as to be longitudinally movablefor tliefltranswith the shaft, while permitting its move ment in an axial direction, or as shown in Fig. 6, each bit may be screwed to the outer end of a shank 180 that is axially movable in a centrally located hole in the shaft, a similar connection being made between the shaft and said shank to secure rotation but permitting axial movement, as in the case of the bit arrangement just above described. The purpose of the screw connection of the bit is for such adjustment as may be necessary on account of its shortening due to repeated sharpening. The bits have longitudinal recesses or grooves on their peripheries for clearance, and one edge of the groove is kept sharp, so that it smooths or finishes off the sides of the mortise. The sawdust from wood, such as yellow pine, quickly clogs and rapidly heats the bits, unless the clearance grooves are provided.

Each bit body has at or near its inner end a collar that is engaged by a laterally movable finger 41, which finger may have a forked end to straddle the collar, or the collar may be provided with an annular groove in which case the finger will be of simple formation at its end which will enter the groove so that in either case by imparting a lateral or sidewise movement to the finger the bit will be moved axially of its shaft and preferably a single finger is used, for both hits at the same side of the machine. Each of the fingers 41 is rigidly attached to the outer-end of a rod or shaft 42 that is horizontally slidable through a guide hole in a vertical lug on the top of the slide 20 and the finger is moved in one direction which is inwardly in the machine shown by the action of a fiat spring 43 which at one end is fixed to the side of the slide and at the other free end bears upon the outer side of the finger. Movement of the finger in the opposite direction or outwardly is produced by the action upon the inner end of the finger carrying rod of a cam surface 44 on the side of a wheel 45 mounted on a shaft that turns easily in bearings uponthe top of the slide 20, so that by the revolution of said cam carrying wheel the axial movement of the bits is produced which is necessary for their feeding movement when cutting stiles and for their return movement. The formation or shape of the cam is such that the bits are moved outward to the extent necessary to cut the shallow recess in the stile above and below the pulley mortise the. entire length thereof; are given a short period of rest; then moved the distancenecessary to cut the mortise entirely through the stile which lies midway between the extremities of the shallow recess; and finally allows the retraction of the bits from the stiles by the action. of the springs after the completion of the cut. The cam-engaging portion of the finger carrying shaft or rod is in the form of a nut or other threaded part to enable adjustment of the bits toward and from the cam.

The form of the mortise cut in the stile will be seen by reference to Figs. 12 and 13, which show a portion of a stile A having the elongated shallow recess a in one side and the shorter hole, or mortise a to receive the sash pulley, and which extends entirely through the stile; and in Figs. 14 to 16 are best shown the configuration of the cams for producing the movements of the bits just above described. As will be evident from the form of the cam shown in the drawing one revolution of the cam causes the complete longitudinal movement of the bit for feeding it during a cutting operation. If the stile being mortised is a standard one of 7 /8ths of an inch thick with a recess a of an eighth of an inch to receive the eighth of an inch thick flange, or plate on the sash pulley, it will be seen that allowing for a longitudinal movement of the bit something greater than the thickness of the stile substantially 1/7th of the revolution of the cam will be required to feed the bit to cut the recess a, that portion of the cam roquired for this operation being included in the are 5 to b on Fig. 16. That portion of the cam for giving the short period of rest to allow the operation of the lever 64, as hereinafter described, which is a portion lying in a plane at right angles to the axis of revolution of the cam, is included in the arc b to b on Fig. 16, and the remainder of the cam being what is included in the arc b to b is for the remainder of their longitudinal travel for cutting the mortise a clear through the stile.

For turning the wheel 45 which carries the cams 44, its periphery is provided with ratchet teeth 46 engaged by a feeding pawl 47 carried by a lever 48 pivoted to the slide 20 by a rock shaft 49 which rock shaft has a crank arm 50 that by the traverse of the slide moves over a cam 51 in the form of a simple incline (see Fig. 9) mounted upon the top of the frame 10 so that when the slide moves in one direction the incline 51 will rock the shaft 49 and therebv cause the rocations of the slide would be necessary to turn the ratchet wheel through one revolution unless,,as hereinafter explained in connection with the illustration in Fig. 1, the feed pawl 47 is rocked on both the forward and backward strokes of the slide 20, in which case half as many reciprocations would be required to revolve the ratchet Wheel 45 through one revolution. Of course this explanation is merely for illustrative purposes because by changing the proportions of parts and the oscillation of the feed pawl 47 the number of reciprocations of the slide'20 in proportion to the rate of revolution of the ratchet wheel and the cams carried thereby can be varied. The location of the cam for rocking the feed pawl 47 with reference to the slide 20 and its length in proportion to the stroke of the slide 20, are such that the amount of motion imparted to the feed pawl, and to the ratchet wheel in consequenc is the same regardless of the length of stroke of the slide 20 so that even with the shortest stroke of the slide 20 the extent of rotation of the ratchet wheel is not affected. This is possible because the form of-the cam and the rock shaft operating arm that engages it permit movement of said arm with the slide after and before it is actuated bythe cam. It is not necessary that the slide from either end of its stroke.

The rock shaft operating cam 51 may be shaped so as to rock the arm '50 on both the forward and backtravel of the slide 20 instead of only on its travel in one direction, and as shown in Figs. 1 and 3 the cam 510 may be on the arm 50, and coact with a simple post or stud.

As the cams 44 unbalance the wheel 45,

so that at times it tends to turn backward; after the feed pawl acts, I provide means to prevent such'back rotation, which, for example, may be a dog or detent 53 hung conveniently on the rock shaft 48 concentric therewith so as to have no movement when the rock shaft is-moved to cause the feed pawls to act.

As will beevident from what has already been said, the travel of the slide 20 is variable, its travel at one time being the distance required by the length of the shallow recess from end to end that extends above and below the pulley mortise and at the other time its travel being that required for the length of the mortise from top to bottom. To reciprocate the slide, Im'ayemploy various devices. Y Thus I may use a crank motion which comprises a crank disk 54 having a crank pin 55 which engages a vertical groove 56 in an arm on'the slide and which crank disk 54 is on a shaft 57 having a sprocket wheel 58 that is connected by a train of sprocket gearing, not necessary to be described, with the power shaft% which drives the bit carrying shaft, and the ratio of revolution of bits and travel of slide, in the case of the machine shown, is 5000 revolutions of the bits per minute, and 20 reciprocations of the slide per minute, but I, of course, do not limit myself to these speeds, or this ratio. The crank pin 55 is carried by the disk 59 pivoted eccentrically to the side of the crank disk 54 so that by the turning of the crank pin carrying disk 59 thecrank radius may be shortened or lengthened to Suit'the requirements of the travel of the bits longitudinally of the stile. Secured to a groove in the periphery of the disk 59 are two adjustable blocks 60 which in efiect form teeth for engagement by a dog 61 pivoted to the same sideof the crank disk 54 and acted upon bv a spring 62 to project ,its nose into position to engage one block or the other 60, and thereby prevent turning of the disk 59 in the direction which it-tends' to turn under the force applied to the wrist pin for reciprocating the slide 20. It will thus be seen thatthe circumferential positions of the blocks 60 by determining the position of the wrist pin 55 fiX the crank radius and that by freeing the dog 61 from one block 60 and permitting it to engage with the other the crank radius will be changed. ,The dog 61 has a tail 63 that projects under the action of the spring 62 beyond the periphery of the crank disk 54 in position'to be 'engaged by the short arm of alever '64 whose other arm projects beyond one side of the machine frame 10 in position't'o be caught holdof by the workman so that by manipulating said lever to throw its short arm into and out of the path of the dog tail 63 the engagement of the dog may be shifted from one block 60 to. the other and thereby the throw or travel of the slide 20 changed to suit the conditions of the work as to the length of travel of the-bits. The dwell portions of the cams 44 are provided soas to stop the feeding movement of the bits to enable opportunity for change of stroke of the slide and cessation of rotation of the camsmay be caused by providing blanks'in place of ratchet teeth on the wheel 45, in which case the resumption of rotationof the ratchet wheels and cams automaticallyeffected by moving thewheel 45 by hand over the blank or toothless portions of the wheel. In the case of mortises which require no recess for the pulley plates, only the short feed of the bits is required and the cam wheel can be moved by hand at once to the point for the feed for cutting the mortise. vThe feed can be instantly, stopped merely by; lifting the feeding pawls out of engagement with the ratchet wheel, by throwing the arm 50 back.

In Fig. 10 is shown a different form of slide-reciprocating mechanism that. may be used. In this case one armof a bell crank gaged by an eccentric 67 on one of the sprocket wheel shafts, so that by the rotation of the eccentric the bell crank will be rocked. To change the travel of the slide, the link 66 is connected to a slide 68 on the bell crank arm so that the effective lever arm may be changed by shifting the slide toward or from the bell crank pivot, its limits being fixed by adjustable stops 69 on the arm. The slide 68 has a handle 70 by which it may be conveniently moved, and teeth 71 are formed in the bell crank arm for cooperation with a spring actuated dog 7 2 mounted on the handle 70.

As stiles vary in width which requires different spacing of the pulley mortises, I provide for varying the space between the pair of bits which operate upon the same stile. This I do by the very simple and ei'ficient device of mounting the upper bit carrying shaft in boxes that are carried by a frame 72, which at the opposite end of the slide from that where the bit shafts are located in hinged or pivoted between ears 73 upon the top of the slide and providing a set of bolts 7% that extend between the slide 20 and the frame 72 near the shaft bearing, one of said bolts passing through both frame and slide and being threaded in the latter,

and two others on opposite sides of the one passing through threaded openings in the frame and resting on the top of the slide. The form of the bit collar engaging fingers is such that they remain in engagement with the collars throughout the range of adjustment of the upper bits. Of course no change in the relative position of the finger and the lower bit takes place.

The stiles being clamped between the jaws 15 and 16, the revolving bits 18 by the travel of the slide 20, will be moved lengthwise of the stiles, and the outward feed of the bits by the action of the cams 4:4: occurring simultaneously with the longitudinal travel to make the shallow cut in the stiles, such cut will have the usual elongated shallow form to receive the usual pulley box flange. The outward feed of the bits being then stopped by the dwells in the cams to allow the change in the extent of the longitudinal travel of the slide 20, such outward feed is then resumed and takes place only in the mid-portion of the just-cut shallow recess, and the holes are then cut entirely through the stile. It is not necessary to stop the rotation of the cams 44:, to stop the outward Copies of feed of the hits, as the dwell surfaces of the cams will do that, but such rotation may 7 be stopped, if desired, by omitting certain ratchet teeth, as before described.

Having thus described my invention what I claim is 1. In a stile cutting machine, the combination of a revolving bit, means for moving the same axially comprising a rotatable cam, and connections between the cam and the bit, a reciprocable slide carrying all of said parts, and a cam rotating device actuated by the reciprocation of the slide.

2. In a stile cutting machine, the combination of a pair of oppositely acting bits, a wheel having cams on its opposite sides, and connections between the cams and the respective bits, teeth on the wheel, a feed pawl, a slide carrying all of said parts, and a feed pawl operating device stationary with reference to the slide.

3. In a stile cutting machine, the combination of a mortising bit, a reciprocating slide carrying the same, a disk or wheel, a wrist pin carrier pivoted eccentrically to the disk or wheel, a series of lugs on the wrist pin carrier, a pawl on the disk or wheel, and a pawl shifter movable into and out of the path of the pawl.

4:. In a stile cutting machine, the combination of a pair of oppositely acting hits, a wheel having cams on its opposite sides,

connections between the cams and the respective bits, teeth on the wheel, a feed pawl,a slide carrying all of said parts, a feed pawl operating device stationary with reference to the slide, and a stop dog engaging said teeth.

5. In a stile cutting machine, the combination of a pair of oppositely acting bits, a wheel having cams 011 its opposite sides, connections between the cams and the respective bits, teeth on the wheel, a rock shaft, a feed pawl carried by an arm of the rock shaft, a stop dog mounted on the rock shaft, an operating arm carried by the rock shaft, a slide carrying all said parts, and a stationary member in the path of the rock shaft operating arm, as it moves with said slide.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand.

Witnesses:

CLYDE FINNEY, GEORGE W. SIEBER.

this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C.

FREDERICK H. WEEKS. 

